History and Evolution of Application Development DSE Practice Questions (Page 8)

Questions 36–40

1. 36foundation · easy

   What is a defining characteristic of microservices architecture?

   • AAll services share a single codebase and are deployed together as one unit
   • BThe entire application is built as a single, monolithic deployable unit
   • CThe application is composed of small, independently deployable services that communicate over a network
   • DThe application relies on a single database shared by all components
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2. 37expert · hard

   A large enterprise is migrating from a waterfall to an agile methodology. The compliance team requires documented evidence of every change for audits. The development team wants to use continuous integration and automated testing. Which approach best balances agile velocity with compliance requirements?

   • AAutomate CI/CD and generate audit logs from the pipeline, while keeping required compliance checkpoints.
   • BAbandon agile because compliance requirements are incompatible with iterative development.
   • CUse agile sprints but maintain manual documentation for every change, slowing the pipeline.
   • DHave developers self-certify compliance without any automated checks.
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4. 38foundation · easy

   How did the client-server model transform application development in the era of the internet?

   • AIt centralized data and processing on servers, while clients became lightweight interfaces
   • BIt allowed all application logic to be embedded in the client, eliminating the need for servers
   • CIt made applications run only on mainframes with no user interface
   • DIt required every client to maintain a full copy of the application's database
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5. 39application · medium

   A development team is transitioning from a waterfall model to a DevOps culture. They currently have separate teams for development, testing, and operations, and releases take months. The team wants to reduce the time-to-market while maintaining quality. Which practice should they adopt first?

   • ACreate a detailed project plan with milestones and deliverables for the next year.
   • BMove all operations tasks to a separate outsourcing vendor.
   • CHire more testers to manually test every release before deployment.
   • DEstablish a CI/CD pipeline that automatically builds, tests, and deploys code to a staging environment.
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6. 40application · medium

   A company is adopting DevOps practices to improve collaboration between development and operations. Currently, developers hand off code to operations for deployment, leading to delays and miscommunication. Which practice directly addresses this handoff problem?

   • AImplementing infrastructure as code so that environments are provisioned automatically and consistently.
   • BCreating a detailed deployment document for operations to follow.
   • CHolding weekly meetings between development and operations teams.
   • DHaving operations manually configure each environment after development completes.
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