031.1 Software Development Basics (weight: 1) WEB-DEVELOPMENT-ESSENTIALS Practice Questions (Page 6)

Questions 26–30

1. 26application · easy

   A developer needs to write a device driver for a new hardware component. The driver must directly manipulate memory-mapped registers and have minimal runtime overhead. Which language is most appropriate for this task?

   • AC — a low-level compiled language that provides direct hardware access
   • BPython — a high-level interpreted language known for readability
   • CPHP — a server-side scripting language for web development
   • DJavaScript — a high-level interpreted language for web development
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2. 27foundation · easy

   How does a version control system help with collaboration?

   • AIt replaces the need for code reviews
   • BIt compiles code faster when more developers are involved
   • CIt allows multiple developers to work on the same codebase without overwriting each other's changes
   • DIt automatically assigns tasks to developers
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4. 28foundation · easy

   In terms of error detection, how do compilers and interpreters differ?

   • ABoth report errors at the same time
   • BCompilers report errors during execution, while interpreters report errors before execution
   • CCompilers report errors before execution, while interpreters report errors as they encounter them during execution
   • DInterpreters do not report errors
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5. 29application · medium

   A developer is writing JavaScript code for a data transformation pipeline. They write a function `transform(data)` that takes an input array, creates a new array with the results, and never modifies the original input. The function always returns the same output for the same input. Which programming paradigm does this function exemplify?

   • AFunctional programming — pure functions with no side effects and immutable data
   • BEvent-driven programming — responding to user actions or system events
   • CProcedural programming — a sequence of statements that modify shared variables
   • DObject-oriented programming — methods that mutate the object's internal state
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6. 30application · medium

   A Python development team has a function `calculate_discount(price, percent)` that is used across the application. After a recent refactor, they want to ensure the function still returns correct values for various inputs and that no existing functionality has broken. What should they do?

   • AUse a version control system to revert the refactor
   • BPerform a code review of the refactored function
   • CDeploy the refactored code to production and monitor for errors
   • DWrite and run unit tests for the function to verify its behavior
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