031.1 Software Development Basics (weight: 1) WEB-DEVELOPMENT-ESSENTIALS Practice Questions (Page 1)

Questions 1–5

1. 1foundation · easy

   What does it mean that JavaScript is 'dynamic'?

   • AVariables can hold values of any type and types can change at runtime
   • BThe language can only be used for dynamic web pages
   • CThe language changes its syntax based on the browser
   • DThe code is compiled at runtime to improve performance
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2. 2foundation · easy

   Which example best illustrates object-oriented programming?

   • AA pure function that adds two numbers without side effects
   • BA function that calculates the sum of a list of numbers
   • CA 'Car' class with attributes like color and methods like drive()
   • DA sequence of steps to read a file and print its contents
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4. 3application · medium

   A developer is writing a Python script that processes a list of customer records. The script defines a function `calculate_total(records)` and calls it with the data, then prints the result. The code is organized as a sequence of function calls operating on shared data structures. Which programming paradigm does this approach primarily follow?

   • AObject-oriented programming — encapsulating data and methods in objects
   • BFunctional programming — using pure functions and avoiding shared state
   • CDeclarative programming — describing what the result should be, not how to compute it
   • DProcedural programming — organizing code as functions that operate on data
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5. 4expert · hard

   A team is refactoring a legacy application. The current codebase uses global variables and functions that modify them directly, making it hard to test. The team wants to improve maintainability by grouping related data and behaviors together, while also reducing side effects. Which refactoring strategy best addresses both concerns?

   • AKeep the global variables but add more comments to explain them
   • BMove all global variables into a single configuration object
   • CEncapsulate related data and functions into classes, and make functions that do not need to modify state pure
   • DConvert all functions to pure functions and eliminate all classes
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6. 5foundation · easy

   Which statement correctly describes C and C++?

   • AThey are high-level, interpreted languages used for web development
   • BThey are low-level, compiled languages often used for system programming
   • CThey are object-oriented languages that run on a managed runtime
   • DThey are scripting languages used for automation
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