Logic & Programming GFACT Practice Questions (Page 4)

Questions 16–20

1. 16application · medium

   A junior developer writes a C program that allocates memory for an array of integers, fills it, and then frees it. The program compiles and runs, but occasionally crashes with a segmentation fault. The code uses `malloc()` and `free()`. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the crash?

   • AThe program does not include the `<stdlib.h>` header.
   • BThe program uses `free()` on a pointer that was not allocated.
   • CThe program accesses the array after calling `free()`.
   • DThe program uses `calloc()` instead of `malloc()`.
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2. 17foundation · easy

   A program compiles successfully but produces incorrect output because a condition uses '=' instead of '==' in C. What type of error is this?

   • ALogic error
   • BCompile-time error
   • CSyntax error
   • DRuntime error
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4. 18foundation · easy

   Given two boolean values A = true and B = false, what is the result of the expression (A AND B) OR (NOT B)?

   • Aundefined
   • Btrue only if A is true
   • Ctrue
   • Dfalse
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5. 19application · medium

   A junior developer writes a Python script to count failed login attempts. The code is: attempts = 0; if attempts = 0: print('No failures'). When run, the script crashes. What is the most likely cause?

   • AThe assignment operator '=' is used instead of the equality operator '==' in the condition
   • BThe print function requires parentheses in all Python versions
   • CThe variable 'attempts' is not defined before use
   • DThe condition is a logic error that always evaluates to False
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6. 20expert · hard

   A developer is writing a Python script that reads a configuration file and sets a variable `debug` to `True` if the file contains the line `debug=true`. The code is: `if "debug=true" in content: debug = True`. The script works on the developer's machine but on the production server, `debug` is always `False` even though the file contains the line. What is the most likely cause?

   • AThe file uses Windows line endings (`\r\n`), so the string `"debug=true"` is not found because of the carriage return.
   • BThe script uses `==` instead of `in`, so it checks if the entire content equals the string.
   • CThe file contains leading or trailing spaces, so the exact string `"debug=true"` is not present.
   • DThe script reads the file in binary mode, so the content is bytes, not a string.
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