GIAC (SANS)GIAC Foundational Cybersecurity Technologies
The GIAC Foundational Cybersecurity Technologies (GFACT) certification validates essential practical skills in computers, technology, and security fundamentals. Designed for anyone new to cybersecurity, career changers, and students, it proves you can contribute on day one in an entry-level IT or security role. Earning GFACT demonstrates hands-on proficiency across hardware, networking, operating systems, and core security concepts.
336 practice questions · Updated 2026-07-30
6Domains
9Objectives
52Concepts
336Questions
GFACT Curriculum
Every domain, objective, and concept the GFACT exam measures.
- Key Hardware Components
- Memory Concepts
- Virtualization Fundamentals
- Containers vs. Virtual Machines
- Uses of Virtualization and Containers
- Advantages and Disadvantages
- Operating System Functions
- File Systems
- Web Technology Fundamentals
- Cloud Computing Models
- Common Linux Commands
- File Permissions
- Access Control
- Linux File System Hierarchy
- Linux Architecture
- Linux Networking Basics
- Key Windows CLI Commands
- Windows Permissions and Access Control
- Windows File Systems
- Windows Architecture
- Windows Networking Fundamentals
- Core Networking Concepts
- Common Network Protocols
- Network Devices and Infrastructure
- Server Types and Their Uses
- Server Hardware and Software
- Virtualization and Cloud Servers
- Basic Logical Operations
- Programming Syntax
- Programming Constructs
- Common Programming Errors
- Program Execution Flow
- Memory Allocation Functions
- Cryptography Fundamentals
- Symmetric vs. Asymmetric Encryption
- Hashing and Digital Signatures
- Ethical and Legal Hacking Concerns
- Attack Stages
- Defensive Strategies
- Exploit Anatomy
- Exploit Methodology
- Attack Tools for Access
- Privilege Escalation Techniques
- Persistence Mechanisms
- Mitigation Strategies
- Defense in Depth
- Forensics Investigation Tools
- Incident Response Stages
- Post-Exploitation Goals
- Persistence Mechanisms
- Lateral Movement Techniques
- Data Exfiltration Methods
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Percentages reflect share of the current practice bank, not official exam weightings — no structured per-skill weight is published for GFACT, so none is invented.