Objective 5.2 Identify and Describe the Ethical Considerations That Shape Policies Regarding the Development, Use, and Governance of Technology CERTIFIED-ETHICAL-EMERGING-TECHNOLOGIST Practice Questions (Page 4)

Questions 16–20

1. 16expert · hard

   A dominant tech company holds patents on essential technologies for smartphone communication. They license these patents to competitors but at high royalty rates. A competitor files a complaint, claiming the rates are unfair and anti-competitive. The company argues that the high rates reflect the value of their R&D. What should the company's policy consider to address fair competition while protecting intellectual property?

   • AOffer licenses on Fair, Reasonable, and Non-Discriminatory (FRAND) terms to ensure access while protecting IP.
   • BIncrease the royalty rates to reflect the true value of the patents.
   • CRefuse to license the patents to competitors to maintain a competitive advantage.
   • DLower the royalty rates only for the complaining competitor to resolve the dispute.
   Reveal Solution Discussion Select an answer first
2. 17application · medium

   A bank deploys an AI system to approve loan applications. The system uses historical data that reflects past discriminatory lending practices, resulting in lower approval rates for minority applicants. The bank must update its policy to comply with non-discrimination principles. What is the most effective action?

   • AAdd more features to the model to improve its predictive accuracy.
   • BRemove all demographic data from the model to ensure it is 'color-blind'.
   • CRetrain the model using de-biased data and regularly test for disparate impact across protected groups.
   • DHave human reviewers make the final decision on all loan applications.
   Reveal Solution Discussion Select an answer first
4. 18foundation · easy

   Which ethical consideration is most directly addressed by a policy that provides retraining programs for employees whose jobs are automated?

   • AWorkforce impacts
   • BEconomic impacts
   • CHuman rights
   • DEnvironmental concerns
   Reveal Solution Discussion Select an answer first
5. 19foundation · easy

   Which of the following is an example of an accountability measure in technology governance?

   • AAllowing AI systems to operate without human oversight
   • BKeeping the details of AI algorithms secret to protect trade secrets
   • CDeleting logs regularly to save storage space
   • DCreating an audit trail that records decisions made by an AI system
   Reveal Solution Discussion Select an answer first
6. 20foundation · easy

   Which of the following is a potential risk that open data policies should consider?

   • ARe-identification of individuals from anonymized datasets
   • BHigher costs for data storage
   • CIncreased market competition
   • DReduced transparency in government
   Reveal Solution Discussion Select an answer first