704.2 Prometheus Monitoring (weight: 6) DEVOPS-TOOLS-ENGINEER Practice Questions (Page 1)

Questions 1–5

1. 1application · medium

   A company runs a dynamic Kubernetes cluster where pods are frequently created and destroyed. The Prometheus server is deployed outside the cluster. The team wants Prometheus to automatically discover and scrape metrics from all pods that have the annotation 'prometheus.io/scrape: true'. Which service discovery mechanism should be configured?

   • Akubernetes_sd_configs with role: pod and relabeling rules to filter on the annotation.
   • Bstatic_configs with a list of all pod IPs, updated via a cron job.
   • Cdns_sd_configs with a SRV record that lists all pod endpoints.
   • Dfile_sd_configs with a JSON file that is manually updated whenever pods change.
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2. 2foundation · easy

   Which exporter is commonly used to collect system-level metrics such as CPU, memory, and disk usage from a Linux host?

   • Amysqld_exporter
   • Bnode_exporter
   • Ccadvisor
   • Dblackbox_exporter
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4. 3foundation · easy

   In a Prometheus configuration file, which section defines the scrape jobs and their targets?

   • Astorage
   • Brule_files
   • Calerting
   • Dscrape_configs
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5. 4application · medium

   A batch processing system runs a job every hour that takes 2 minutes to complete. The job's success/failure count and duration are critical to monitor. The job runs in a container that is terminated after completion. What is the recommended way to expose these metrics to Prometheus?

   • ARun a node_exporter inside the job container and have Prometheus scrape it during the 2-minute window.
   • BHave the job push metrics to the Pushgateway before it exits, and configure Prometheus to scrape the Pushgateway.
   • CWrite the metrics to a log file and have a separate exporter read and expose them.
   • DExpose a metrics endpoint on the job and rely on Prometheus's service discovery to find it before termination.
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6. 5foundation · easy

   What is the primary difference between `rate()` and `irate()` in PromQL?

   • Arate() calculates the average rate over the entire range, while irate() calculates the rate based on the last two samples.
   • Brate() is used for gauges, while irate() is used for counters.
   • Crate() returns a range vector, while irate() returns an instant vector.
   • Drate() is more accurate for long time ranges, while irate() is more accurate for short time ranges.
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