Using Models to Detect Defects CTAL-TA Practice Questions (Page 1)

Questions 1–5

1. 1application · medium

   A team is building a model to detect defects in a library management system. The system has different user roles (member, librarian, admin) and different operations (borrow, return, reserve, manage inventory). The team wants to ensure the model covers all combinations of roles and operations to find authorization defects. Which modeling approach is most effective?

   • ACreate a single data flow model showing how data moves between roles and operations.
   • BCreate a state model for each user role, showing the allowed operations as transitions.
   • CCreate a decision table listing all role-operation combinations and the expected authorization result.
   • DCreate a process model showing the sequence of operations for each role.
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2. 2expert · hard

   A test analyst is using a model-based testing tool that supports multiple coverage criteria. The team has limited time for testing and wants to maximize the number of defects found. The system is a safety-critical application with many states and transitions. Which coverage criterion should the analyst choose to balance thoroughness and practicality?

   • ADecision coverage, because it is a standard coverage criterion.
   • BTransition coverage, because it provides good coverage of the model's behavior with a reasonable number of test cases.
   • CPath coverage, because it is the most thorough.
   • DState coverage, because it is the fastest to achieve.
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4. 3application · medium

   A team is using model-based testing to generate test cases for a complex workflow system. The model has many states and transitions, and the tool is generating an extremely large number of test cases, making it impractical to execute all of them. What is the most appropriate action to manage this situation?

   • AUse a coverage criterion that reduces the number of test cases, such as transition coverage instead of path coverage.
   • BAbandon model-based testing and use manual test design instead.
   • CIgnore the generated test cases and write test cases manually based on the model.
   • DIncrease the length limit for path coverage to generate even more test cases.
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5. 4foundation · easy

   How does model-based defect detection improve the systematic detection of defects compared to ad-hoc testing?

   • AIt eliminates the need for test oracles by using the model as the only source of truth
   • BIt guarantees that all defects in the software are found
   • CIt focuses only on the most critical user scenarios, ignoring edge cases
   • DIt provides a structured way to explore the system's behavior, leading to more consistent and comprehensive test coverage
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6. 5expert · hard

   A team is using model-based testing for a system that has been in production for several years. The model was created based on the original requirements, but the system has undergone many changes. The team is finding that many test cases generated from the model are failing, but the system appears to be working correctly. What is the most likely cause?

   • AThe model is outdated and does not reflect the current system behavior, leading to false positives.
   • BThe test environment is not configured correctly.
   • CThe test cases are incorrectly generated by the tool.
   • DThe system has many defects that were not detected before.
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