A server with UEFI firmware fails to boot. The administrator suspects the bootloader configuration is corrupted. Which sequence best describes the boot process up to the point where the bootloader would be invoked?

BIOS reads /boot/grub/grub.cfg directly and loads the kernel.

The kernel loads systemd, which then reads the MBR to find the bootloader.

systemd-boot is loaded by the kernel, which then mounts the root filesystem.

UEFI firmware reads the EFI System Partition, loads the bootloader (e.g., GRUB), which then loads the kernel.

Which systemctl command is used to enable a service to start automatically at boot?

systemctl activate service_name

A process is stuck in uninterruptible sleep (D state) and is causing high I/O wait. The administrator needs to identify which filesystem or device the process is waiting on. Which combination of commands provides the most useful diagnostic information?

systemctl status and journalctl -p err

ps -eo pid,stat,wchan:30,cmd and iostat -x

A system administrator wants to ensure that a custom service starts automatically after a system reboot. The service unit file has been created in /etc/systemd/system/. Which command should be used to enable the service?

systemctl start myservice.service

systemctl enable myservice.service

systemctl restart myservice.service

GIAC Linux Incident Responder

Domain 1Objective 1

Linux OS Fundamentals GLIR Practice Questions (Page 12)

Part of the Linux Fundamentals and File System Analysis domain, which makes up ~35% of our current practice bank. GIAC (SANS) does not publish an official question count, but from its 180-minute exam (~70–120 total, ~25–42 in this domain), expect 6–11 from this objective — we provide 62 practice questions to prepare you well beyond it. (estimate)

62questions here

13free pages

18concepts

18 Concepts in This Objective

Linux Boot Process
Runlevels and Targets
Systemd Essentials
File System Hierarchy Standard (FHS)
File Types and Permissions
Special Permissions and Attributes
Hard Links and Symbolic Links
Mounting and Unmounting File Systems
Disk Usage and Inodes
Process Management
Environment Variables and Shell Configuration
Package Management
Logging and Journaling
System Monitoring and Performance
User and Group Management
Networking Fundamentals
Service and Socket Activation
System Initialization and Configuration Files

Questions 56–60

56expert · hard
A server with UEFI firmware fails to boot. The administrator suspects the bootloader configuration is corrupted. Which sequence best describes the boot process up to the point where the bootloader would be invoked?
Select an answer first
57foundation · easy
Which systemctl command is used to enable a service to start automatically at boot?
Select an answer first
58expert · hard
A process is stuck in uninterruptible sleep (D state) and is causing high I/O wait. The administrator needs to identify which filesystem or device the process is waiting on. Which combination of commands provides the most useful diagnostic information?
Select an answer first
59expert · hard
An administrator needs to create a backup of a configuration file that will be modified. The administrator wants to ensure that the backup always reflects the latest version of the file, even if the original is replaced. Which type of link should be used for the backup?
Select an answer first
60application · medium
A system administrator wants to ensure that a custom service starts automatically after a system reboot. The service unit file has been created in /etc/systemd/system/. Which command should be used to enable the service?
Select an answer first

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