Ethics Frameworks CRAGE Practice Questions (Page 1)

Questions 1–5

1. 1application · medium

   A healthcare startup is developing an AI triage system that prioritizes emergency patients. The system could reduce overall wait times but might occasionally misclassify a high-risk patient as low-risk. The product owner insists on maximizing the number of patients served per hour, citing the greatest good for the greatest number. Which ethical framework does the product owner's position most closely reflect, and what is its primary limitation in this context?

   • AContractarianism; it assumes all stakeholders would agree to the triage policy behind a veil of ignorance.
   • BDeontology; it fails to consider the consequences of misclassification.
   • CUtilitarianism; it may justify sacrificing the welfare of a few high-risk patients for aggregate efficiency.
   • DVirtue ethics; it emphasizes the character of the developers rather than patient outcomes.
   Reveal Solution Discussion Select an answer first
2. 2foundation · easy

   An AI team is deciding whether to deploy a facial recognition system that improves security but may misidentify certain demographic groups. Using a utilitarian approach, what should the team primarily consider?

   • AWhether the system follows the principle of least privilege for data access
   • BWhether the developers are acting with honesty and integrity
   • CWhether the total benefits to society outweigh the total harms, including the harms of misidentification
   • DWhether the system respects the inherent dignity of all individuals
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4. 3application · medium

   An autonomous vehicle's AI must decide between swerving to avoid a pedestrian and staying on course to protect its passenger. A utilitarian analysis suggests swerving saves more lives overall, but a deontological analysis argues that using the pedestrian as a means to protect the passenger is wrong. Which statement best captures the core difference between these two frameworks in this dilemma?

   • AUtilitarianism evaluates the aggregate consequences, while deontology evaluates the intrinsic rightness of the action.
   • BUtilitarianism and deontology both prioritize individual rights over aggregate welfare.
   • CUtilitarianism focuses on the character of the decision-maker, while deontology focuses on the outcome.
   • DUtilitarianism is rule-based, while deontology is outcome-based.
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5. 4application · medium

   A retail company is using an AI system to personalize product recommendations. The system is highly effective at increasing sales, but it also manipulates vulnerable customers into making purchases they cannot afford. The company's ethics committee must decide whether to continue using the system. A committee member argues that the system should be evaluated by whether it demonstrates the virtue of honesty in its interactions with customers. Which ethical framework does this argument most closely reflect?

   • AUtilitarianism
   • BVirtue ethics
   • CPragmatism
   • DDeontology
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6. 5application · medium

   An e-commerce company uses an AI recommendation system. A new feature would increase sales by 15% but would also manipulate users into buying items they do not need by exploiting known psychological biases. The chief marketing officer wants to launch the feature, arguing that the increased revenue will fund social good projects. Which framework would most directly challenge this decision by focusing on the inherent wrongness of manipulation, regardless of the beneficial outcomes?

   • AContractarianism, because it would ask whether users would consent to manipulation.
   • BUtilitarianism, because it would calculate the net happiness from increased sales.
   • CVirtue ethics, because it would ask what a virtuous marketer would do.
   • DDeontology, because it would judge manipulation as inherently wrong, irrespective of consequences.
   Reveal Solution Discussion Select an answer first