5. Explain the Benefits of Organizing Code into Methods / Functions, Classes, and Modules 200-901 Practice Questions (Page 2)

Questions 6–10

1. 6expert · hard

   A developer is working on a large Python project with many modules. The project uses a module named 'utils' that contains a mix of unrelated functions: string parsing, file I/O, and network requests. The team finds that importing 'utils' in a script also imports heavy dependencies (e.g., a network library) even when only string parsing is needed. What is the best way to address this?

   • AUse a global variable to control which dependencies are loaded.
   • BKeep the 'utils' module as is and document that importing it may load heavy dependencies.
   • CSplit the 'utils' module into smaller modules based on functionality, such as 'string_utils', 'file_utils', and 'network_utils'.
   • DMove the heavy dependencies to the top of the 'utils' module and use lazy imports inside functions.
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2. 7application · medium

   A network automation team is building a Python application to manage network devices. They want to ensure that each device object maintains its own state (e.g., hostname, IP, status) and that operations like 'reboot' or 'update_config' are performed on the correct device. Which programming paradigm best supports this requirement?

   • AScripting with a single global dictionary for all devices.
   • BProcedural programming with separate data structures and functions that operate on them.
   • CObject-oriented programming using classes to create device objects with attributes and methods.
   • DFunctional programming using only pure functions and global state.
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4. 8application · medium

   A developer is writing a Python application that manages different types of network devices: routers, switches, and firewalls. Each device type has common attributes (hostname, IP address) and some unique behaviors (routing, switching, filtering). The developer wants to model these devices to maximize code reuse and allow treating all devices uniformly. Which approach best achieves this?

   • ACreate three completely independent classes with no shared code.
   • BDefine a base Device class and create Router, Switch, and Firewall subclasses that inherit common attributes and override or extend methods.
   • CWrite a single Device class with a 'device_type' attribute and use if-else statements for every behavior.
   • DUse a module-level function for each device type and pass the device data as arguments.
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5. 9expert · hard

   A team is building a Python application that must support multiple network device vendors. Each vendor has a different API for configuring interfaces. The team wants to ensure that adding a new vendor does not require changes to the core configuration logic. Which approach best achieves this?

   • AUse a dictionary mapping vendor names to functions, and call the function based on the vendor attribute.
   • BDefine an abstract base class with a 'configure_interface' method, and implement vendor-specific subclasses that override it.
   • CCreate a module for each vendor and use a global function to dispatch to the correct module.
   • DWrite a single class that uses a 'vendor' attribute and switch statements to handle each vendor's API.
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6. 10foundation · easy

   In object-oriented programming, what is the primary benefit of encapsulation provided by classes?

   • AIt allows the class to be used without defining any methods.
   • BIt allows multiple classes to inherit from a single base class.
   • CIt hides internal data and implementation details from outside code.
   • DIt automatically optimizes the code for faster execution.
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